$ su # aceess to root  
$ apt-get install sudo  
$ adduser <username> sudo  
$ reboot # or logout  

$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
# edit all 'squeeze' that's version codename 
# to 'sid' that's unstable codename
# ex. deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian squeeze main 
# to deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sid main
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
$ sudo reboot

$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
# add "deb     http://http.debian.net/debian testing         main"
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install <your package>
# don't call sudo apt-get upgrade if your don't want to upgrade your all system to lastest packages

$ lsb_release -a #check debian version
$ uname -a #check linux version

$ su - <user>

# choose set your region to your local frist
$ sudo apt-get install netselect-apt
$ sudo netselect-apt

# install
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

# control ssh-server
$ sudo service ssh stop
$ sudo service ssh start
$ sudo service ssh restart
$ sudo service ssh status

# In your ssh server
$ echo "source your .bashrc" >> .bash_profile
# or you can try this [[ -f ~/.bashrc ]] && . ~/.bashrc

$ xrandr --output VGA-1 --auto --primary --output DVI-I-1 --auto --left-of VGA-1

# debian
$ sudo apt-get install locales
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

$ sudo apt-get remove --purge <packagename> # --purge delete all data and config
$ sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
$ sudo apt-get clean
$ locate <packagename> # manual delete

$ sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

server {
    listen 80;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
    }
}

# debian
$ sudo apt-get install nginx
$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/<your>.conf
$ sudo rm /etc/ngin/sites-enabled/default.conf
$ suo ln -f /etc/nginx/sites-available/<your>.conf /etc/sites-enabled/
$ sudo services nginx reload

# debain
$ cd /usr/share/nginx/html
$ ln -s <path> <link_name>

    location /<url> {
      alias /usr/share/nginx/html/<link_name>
      autoindex on;
      autoindex_exact_size off;
      autoindex_localtime on;
      auth_basic "Restricted";                #For Basic Auth
      auth_basic_user_file <your .htpasswd>;  #For Basic Auth
    }

# open file that error in vim
:set noendofline binary
:wq

# set where is global gitignore file
$ git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore_global
# write some ignore file in global gitignore
$ echo "tags" >> ~/.gitignore_global

git stash
git stash pop
git revert

git config --global alias.tree "log --graph --decorate --oneline --abbrev-commit"
git config --global alias.hist "log --pretty=format:'%h %ad | %s%d [%an]' --graph --date=short"

$ git tag -a <tag name> <commit id> -m “desc"
$ git push origin —tags
$ git pull --tags